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| 我国跨项速度滑冰运动员身体形态、机能和运动素质特征及训练策略 |
| 邹晓双,段少楼,曹春梅,张栋,孙丛楠 |
| (河北师范大学体育学院,石家庄 050024;河北体育学院冰雪运动系,石家庄 050041;清华大学体育部,北京 100084;首都体育学院体育人工智能研究院,北京 100191;河北省体育局乒羽中心,石家庄 050000) |
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| 摘要: |
| 跨项运动员具有早期进行多项化训练、晚定项和晚进入选材与培养体系等特点,晚期定项与早期定项运动员存在较大差异性。以我国19名跨项速度滑冰运动员为研究对象,采用文献资料法、 实验测试法和数理统计法,对其身体形态、机能、运动素质等进行统计分析。发现,我国跨项速度滑冰运动员体脂率和BMI等指标表现良好,但需关注下肢双侧差异、有氧能力不足以及专项技术的强化等问题。为提高跨项运动员的成才率和运动表现,未来训练应注重下肢双侧均衡发展,提升有氧与无氧能力,增加陆冰结合和技术模拟练习。 |
| 关键词: 速度滑冰 跨项选材 身体形态 机能 运动素质 训练 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-05 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划 “科技冬奥”专项 (2020YFF0304605)；河北省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目“轮滑运动 ‘三位一体’新型教学模式理论构建与实证研究”(2023GJJG390) |
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| Characteristics of Physical Morphology,Function and Athletic Quality and Training Strategies of Chinese Talent Transfer Speed Skaters |
| ZOU Xiaoshuang,DUAN Shaolou,CAO Chunmei,ZHANG Dong,SUN Congnan |
| (College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024 , China;Department of Winter Sport, Hebei Sport University, Shijiazhuang 050041 , China;Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 , China;Institute of Artificial Intelligence in Sports, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191 , China;Table Tennis and Badminton Sport Management Center, Hebei Provincial Sport Bureau, Shijiazhuang 050000 , China) |
| Abstract: |
| Talent transfer athletes have the characteristics of early multi-event training, late selection and late entry into the selection and training system. There is a big difference between late event se lection and early event selection athletes. Taking 19 Chinese talent transfer speed skaters as the re search object, this paper makes a statistical analysis of their physical morphology, function and sports quality by means of literature, experimental test and mathematical statistics. It is found that the body fat percentage and BMI of Chinese talent transfer speed skaters perform well, but it is necessary to pay attention to the bilateral differences of lower limbs, the lack of aerobic capacity and the strengthe ning of special techniques. In order to improve the success rate and sports performance of talent trans fer athletes, future training should focus on the balanced development of bilateral lower limbs, im prove aerobic and anaerobic capacity, and increase land ice combination and technical simulation exer cises. |
| Key words: speed skating talent transfer selection physical morphology function sports quality training |