| 摘要: |
| 通过文献资料法与实地考察法研究法国青少年足球训练模式。指出其训练模式包括小场地条件比赛、协调性训练、情境训练、技术训练、小场地比赛5部分内容,可分为直接式和情境式2类。 直接式训练模式根植于行为主义学习理论,提倡以技术为中心;情境式训练模式则来源于建构主义学习理论,提倡以比赛为中心。用2种学习理论分析法国青少年足球训练模式,认为法国青少年足球训练模式的顶层设计是 “以比赛为中心”的情境式训练,提倡青少年球员主动建构比赛情境,以此发展球员的足球技能和比赛理解能力。实证研究发现,与直接式训练相比,情境式训练可有效地提升青少年球员的战术意识、决策和创造性思维。提出,我们要做好足球教练员培训顶层设计工作,教练员群体也要扬弃传统足球训练思维,更新训练理念,重视情境式训练。 |
| 关键词: 直接式 情境式 法国 青少年足球 训练模式 训练理念 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:黑龙江省高等教育教学改革项目 (SJGY20190039) |
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| Game-Centered Approaches:Practice and Concept of French Youth Football Training |
| WU Jiarong |
| (Physical Education Department, Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040 ,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Through the methods of literature review and field investigation, this paper studies the French youth football training model. It is pointed out that its training mode includes five parts: small sided and conditioned games (SSCG), physical coordination training (PCT), situated training (ST), technique training (TT) and small sided games (SSG), which can be divided into direct instruction (DI) and game-centered approaches (GCA). “DI”training model is rooted in behaviorism learning theory and advocates “technique-centered”, while “GCA” model is derived from constructivism learning theory and advocates “game-centered”. Analyzing the French youth football training modes with two learning theories, we believe that the top-level design of the French youth football training mode is a “game-centered” situational training, and advocate the young players to actively construct the game situation, so as to develop the players’ football skills and game understanding ability. Empirical studies have found that “GCA”training model effectively enhances the tactical awareness, decision-making, and creative thinking of adolescent players when compared to direct training. It is proposed that we should do a good job in the top-level design of football training coaches, and coaches should discard the traditional football training thinking, update the training concept, and attach importance to situational training. |
| Key words: direct instruction game-centered approaches France youth football training model training concept |
