| 摘要: |
| 运用文献资料法、数理统计法和对比分析法，对近五届冬奥会我国的参赛情况进行调查和分析，指出：我国竞技实力总体呈上升趋势，但仍处于第二集团中下游行列；从参赛人数看呈现“冰多雪少”“女多男少”特征，竞赛成绩则为“冰强雪弱”“女强男弱”；优势项目单一，潜优势项目缺乏；获奖运动员蝉联人数少且区域分布不均衡。认为，应“保优、扩潜、升劣”，做到冰雪并举，均衡发展；发挥女子运动员竞技优势，探索男子项目的发展道路；借鉴国外先进训练体系，科学训练，减少运动员伤病；依托国家政策，开拓项目空间。旨在为冰雪运动项目的发展和竞技水平的提高提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 冬奥会 奖牌 冰雪项目 中国 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Study on Participation Characteristics of China’s National Team in the Past Five Winter Olympics Games |
| XIE Ren |
| (School of Physical Education, North University of China) |
| Abstract: |
| By methods of literature review, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis, the participation in competitions of China’s national team in the past five Olympic Winter Games is investigated and analyzed. It is pointed out that the overall competitive strength of China is on an upward trend but is still in the middle and lower reaches of the second group, that the number of contestants shows features of “fewer on the snow while more on the ice”and “more female contestants while fewer male contestants”, that the competition results shows features of“weak on the snow while strong on the ice”and “strong female contestants while weak male contestants”, that dominant sport events are unitary and potential competitive events are insufficient, and that athletes who could successfully defend their medals are fewer and the regional distribution is not balanced. It is believed that we should take measures to ensure events of superiority, expand events with potentials and improve events of inferiority, so as to achieve the balanced development of both snow games and ice games. The competitive advantage of women athletes should be explored and the development path of men’s events should be explored. Advanced foreign training systems and scientific training should be applied to reduce injuries. National policy should be implemented to open up bigger event-space. This study may hopefully serve as a reference for the development of winter sports and the improvement of competitive level. |
| Key words: Winter Olympics medals winter sports China |
