| 摘要: |
| 目的:探究我国优秀手枪速射运动员不同站位转体横向运枪过程中上肢运动学与肌电差异。 方法:采用 Qualisys红外光点捕捉系统和 Delsys无线肌电测试系统,对运动员不同站位时间节奏、 上肢关节角度、肌肉做功等进行分析。结果:①运动员资格赛站位弹着密度 (129.54mm)小于决赛站位 (137.15mm 和214.65mm);②运动员决赛站位第1靶击发时间 (均为1.50s)短于资格赛站位 (1.57s),各分段时间节奏对成绩影响不明显;③各站位上肢转动均由肩关节主导,躯干转动起统筹作用,资格赛站位躯干转动 (3.14°)大于决赛站位 (3.02°和3.00°),上肢转动到位准确率更高,枪口指向和腕关节变化更小;④运动员决赛站位三角肌做功与资格赛站位差异显著 (P＜0.05), 各肌群协调用力一致性较差,决赛2号位肌肉做功贡献率变化较大,肌肉做功稳定性相对较差。结论:运动员资格赛站位射击成绩稳定性好,决赛站位还需加强各分段时间节奏的一致性,增加躯干转动幅度,提高肌肉用力的稳定性。 |
| 关键词: 手枪速射 运动学 站位 肌电 射击 |
| DOI： |
|
| 基金项目:国家体育总局射击射箭运动管理中心训练与监控服务项目 “国家队运动员技术动作分析与监控服务”(HT2020-20) |
|
| Differences of Upper Limb Kinematicsand EMG between Different Standing Positions of Rapid-FirePistol Shooting ———A CaseStudy of Chinese Elite Athletes |
| JIA Ketao,WU Wenqiang,JINBo,MAOSonghua,CUIYu,GENGZhengyang |
| (ChinaAthleticsCollege,BeijingSportUniversity,Beijing 100084 ,China;ShootingandArcheryManagementCenter,GeneralAdministrationofSportofChina,Beijing 100144 ,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objectives:Toexplorethedifferencesofupperlimbkinematicsandelectromyography (EMG)ofChineseeliterapid-firepistolshootingathletesintheprocessofturningthebodyandmovingthegunhorizontallyindifferentpositions.Methods:Qualisysinfraredlightspotcapturesystem andDelsyswirelessEMGtestsystemareusedtoanalyzethetimerhythm,upperlimbjointangleand muscleworkofChineseeliterapid-firepistolshootingathletesindifferentpositions.Results:①The standingpositionofimpactdensityofathletesinqualificationcompetition (129.54mm)islessthan thatinthefinalcompetition(137.15 mmand214.65 mm).②Thefiringtimeofthefirsttargetin thefinalcompetition(all1.50s)isshorterthanthatinthequalificationcompetition (1.57s),and thetimerhythmofeachsegmenthasnoobviouseffectontheperformance;③Therotationoftheupperlimbsineachstandingpositionisdominatedbytheshoulderjoint,andtherotationofthetrunk playsanoverallrole.Therotationofthetrunkinthequalificationcompetition(3.14°)isgreaterthan thatinthefinalcompetition (3.02°and3.00°).Theaccuracyoftherotationoftheupperlimbsin placeishigher,andthechangesofmuzzlepointingandwristjointaresmaller.④Thereissignificant differenceinthedeltoid muscleworkofathletesbetweenthefinalcompetitionandthequalification competition(P＜0.05).Theconsistencyofcoordinationforceofeach musclegroupispoor.The contributionrateofmuscleworkinposition2ofthefinalcompetitionhaschangedgreatly,andthe stabilityofmuscleworkwasrelativelypoor.Conclusion:Thestabilityofshootingperformanceinthe standingpositionofathletesinqualificationcompetitionisgood.Inthefinalstandingposition,itis necessarytostrengthentheconsistencyoftimerhythmineachsegment,increasetherangeoftrunk rotationandimprovethestabilityofmuscleforce. |
| Key words: rapid-firepistolshooting kinematics standingposition EMG shooting |
